Welcome to the 2023
Virtual Global Educational Forum
Thursday, March 30, 2023
The 17th annual Global Educational Forum centers on the impact of physical activity and sport on human life in diverse populations, emphasizing success and challenges in local and global contexts. Increasingly, advantages in technology and communication permit global interconnectivity and the sharing of state-of-the-art research and practices on physical activity and sport. Institutions of higher education are generators and disseminators of new knowledge that impacts worldwide communities, happening instantaneously through Internet technology.
The 2023 forum presentations will focus on worldwide communities—indigenous, urban, and rural—with scholars showcasing the impact of physical activity and sport on human life.
Goals of the forum:
- Share state-of-the-art research on physical activity and sport
- Demonstrate how research studies impact human life across the life span, paying attention to people who live in marginalized/underserved communities worldwide, among them people with disabilities
- Educate and raise awareness about persistent challenges that underprivileged and marginalized communities face in their pursuit for equity and justice in local and global environments within the realm of physical activity and sport
Internationally renowned keynote speakers and distinguished scholars will deliver the keynote addresses and give panel presentations. Graduate students will be involved in the forum as panelists, with their presentations highlighting research as part of their dissertations, masters' theses, or independent studies. Through the forum, students gain knowledge about global issues and solutions, preparing them to be effective and competent leaders once they graduate from the University of Georgia.
Organizer and program director: Rose Chepyator-Thomson, Ph.D., Department of Kinesiology, Mary Frances Early College of Education
Program agenda
8-9:15 a.m.
Welcome and Introduction
Rose Chepyator-Thomson, professor, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Early Frances College of Education
Janet Buckworth, professor and department head, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Early Frances College of Education
Opening Remarks:
Denise Spangler, dean, Mary Frances Early College of Education
Ron Walcott, vice provost for graduate education and dean, Graduate School
Introduction of speaker and moderator:
Michael Schmidt, professor and graduate coordinator, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Early Frances College of Education
Keynote speaker:
Vincent O. Onywera, deputy vice-chancellor of research, innovation and outreach, Kenya College of Accountancy University
Title: “The physical activity rainbow for health and sustainable development: What can Africa teach the world?”
Abstract:
Countries in Africa, like many low- and middle-income countries around the world, are going through a rapid physical activity transition. Changes in automobile transportation access, in-home electronic entertainment, and widespread availability of information technology—even in remote regions—is provoking behavior changes resulting in less physical activity and more sedentary behavior. This worrying public health trend is contributing to an increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity and ultimately an increase in modifiable lifestyle diseases and, hence, a threat to Africa's future and sporting excellence.
The objectives of this presentation will be to describe the emerging physical activity transition threat in Africa; highlight selected initiatives and activities as effective mechanisms for research, promotion and synthesis, capacity building, identification of research gaps, and advocacy for the promotion of physical activity for sustainable development in Africa; and to recommend possible ways of promoting health-enhancing physical activity in Africa for sustainable development.
9:35-10:50 a.m.
Panel 1
Theme: Impact of Sport and Physical Activity on Children and Youth, Young Adults, and the Elderly Population in Local and Global Contexts
Introduction of speakers and moderator: Bud Cooper, clinical professor and clinical education coordinator, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Frances Early College of Education
Speaker: Simin Rahman, doctoral student, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Frances Early College of Education
Title: Physical Activity: A masterstroke for stroke!
Abstract:
Stroke is the fourth leading cause of death in India, with stroke-related disabilities becoming more prevalent due to increasingly sedentary lifestyles. Physical activity (PA) is known to benefit health, performance, and overall well-being, with physical inactivity recognized as a leading modifiable risk factor for stroke. Evidence from developed nations suggests that participation in PA is heavily influenced by a complex interplay of individual, social, economic, environmental, and political factors. Understanding this interplay in the specific settings of developing countries is essential for creating and implementing comprehensive preventive strategies to mitigate stroke-related morbidity and mortality. A comprehensive literature search on physical inactivity and stroke in the Indian subcontinent was performed in several databases. Studies related to post-stroke recovery and physical inactivity were also included.
The review of literature revealed several findings. Most Indians did not meet the World Health Organization recommendations for PA. Average PA levels were low within both urban and rural settings. Gender differences in PA were noted, with women showing lower levels of measured PA than men. In contrast, most women considered their PA level to be adequate, with PA most associated with the performance of household chores. Post-stroke survivors showed a severe lack of adherence to prescribed exercise programs. Lack of support and supervision and proper guidance were one of the primary barriers to PA in post-stroke survivors. Several conclusions were drawn from this study. In resource-constrained settings of developing nations, prioritizing preventive measures to counter physical inactivity is recommended. Specifically, policies and programs to improve PA levels should take into account the prevalent socioeconomic, cultural, and familial norms specific to each intervention setting. Future interventions to promote PA in these settings must also prioritize self-efficacy, fitness awareness, individualized goal-setting and social support structures via inclusive community-focused activities.
Speaker: Abisola Rebecca Akinbobola (M.S. ’22) and Kevin McCully, professor, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Frances Early College of Education
Title: Examination of Muscle Fatigue in Young and Older Adults
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to measure instantaneous muscle fatigue (IMF) in young and older adults while comparing IMF to mitochondrial capacity, endurance index (EI), and rate of muscle reperfusion. The methods involved 20 subjects (11 young and nine older adults). IMF and EI were measured using data from twitch contractions collected from a tri-axial accelerometer. Reactive hyperemia test and muscle mitochondrial capacity were measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). IMF measurement was done on two days to test the method’s reproducibility; the fatigue exercise included two durations of calf raises.
The results of the study are as follows: IMF was not different in young and older adults on both days. Mitochondrial capacity was lower in older adults compared with young adults. There was no relationship between IMF and EI; and reactive hyperemia measures for both groups. In conclusion, this study demonstrated comparable fatigue in young and old adults following both fatigue protocols. There was a 20% deficit in mitochondrial capacity in older adults compared to young adults which is consistent with previous studies. This study provided evidence of fatigue in both young and older adults.
Speaker: Christina Noelle Lee (M.P.H. ’21), doctoral student, Department of Anthropology, Franklin College of Arts and Sciences
Title: Preliminary results on sport and physical activity culture among adolescents in rural Ecuador
Abstract:
Sport and physical activity are known to play a critical role in the growth and development of youth globally. However, individual experiences in sport and physical activity vary greatly depending on local culture, environment, and community expectations of youth and gender roles. In this study, we explore perspectives on adolescent sport participation and physical activity behaviors in rural highland Ecuador through the voices of community leaders and adolescents themselves in interviews and focus groups. As a preliminary analysis of the interview and focus group data, this presentation will report on the preliminary findings of a larger study on physical activity and health in adolescents living in rural highland Ecuador.
11:10 a.m.-12:25 p.m.
Panel 2
Theme: Impact of sport and physical activity on minoritized people in local and global context
Introduction of panelists and moderator:
Shannon Jolly (B.S.Ed. ’13, M.S. ’15), senior manager of diversity, equity, inclusion & belonging, USA Fencing; doctoral student, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Frances Early College of Education
Panelist: Christina M. Gipson, associate professor, Georgia Southern University
Title: Impact of physical activity/sport on diverse youth living in underserved/under-resourced communities: success and challenges
Abstract:
CrossFit is a functional fitness activity that incorporates weightlifting, gymnastics, and cardiovascular exercises. Researchers have shown that CrossFit offers numerous benefits such as providing a community, being empowering, and offering new forms of fitness. As this fitness activity has shown positive impacts, a program using CrossFit techniques was created specifically for at-risk youth in a rural community in Southeast Georgia.
Despite various transitions, the participants experienced numerous positive outcomes, such as learning about goal setting, positive self-talk, and leaning on their peers through the built community. In addition, a select group of participants shared learning to use their strengths within the CrossFit space to extend their experiences while participating in the program. As with any program, changes were made to address concerns and support growth. Although this program, in whatever form it was provided, was good for the participants, there were numerous challenges and even barriers that slowed the progress and growth. Through this presentation, we will discuss topics of participant outcomes and experiences parental support; funding, accessibility, and transportation; and general challenges for the participants.
Panelist: Demetrius W. Pearson, associate professor, Sport and Fitness Administration program, Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston
Title: U2 Rodeo and Community Engagement: More Than Sport and Entertainment
Abstract:
The objective of this presentation is to highlight the sociocultural significance and community engagement activities of U2 Rodeo and the Cowboys of Color Invitational Rodeo Series. Based in the Dallas–Fort Worth, Texas metroplex, U2 Rodeo Production Company is a family-owned minority enterprise that has carved out a niche in the sport of rodeo with a nontraditional business plan. Since its inception in the early 1970s, U2 Rodeo has been actively involved in community engagement activities while providing “wholesome” family entertainment through rodeo. Not only does U2 Rodeo pride itself on its entertainment value and high-quality rodeo productions, but it also serves as a major educational, historical, and socio-cultural purveyor of aspects germane to its minority devotees and those unfamiliar with their contributions to the American West.
Considered “the largest multicultural rodeo tour in the world” (“Cowboys of Color,” 2017, p. 7), the Cowboys of Color Invitational Rodeo Tour is considerably different than other rodeo competitions. It purports to address some of the perceived needs of ethnic minority rodeo cowboys/girls, and their devoted fan base. Through the Cowboys of Color Invitational Rodeo Tour, U2 Rodeo fulfills its three hallmark objectives: training, educating, and entertaining. Their rodeo promotional tag line is “Let us entertain you while we educate you.” This is accomplished through myriad activities both in and outside the rodeo arena. Additionally, U2 Rodeo has contributed significantly to its community through various structured social programs and coordinated youth engagement activities with educational, civic, and philanthropic organizations.
Panelist: Terry Babatunde Eguaoje, adjunct professor, Nova Southeastern University
Title: Youth Transition to Professional Soccer: Impacts of Programs on Community Development
Abstract:
The transition from grassroot to professional soccer is a critical moment for sportsmen and communities alike. While pursuing a career in soccer may lead to personal success and opportunity, it can also have a huge influence on local community development. This presentation examines the effects of programs that exist in Nigeria and, by extension, Africa, to assist young players in making the transition to professional soccer, as well as how these programs affect community development.
Programs that assist young players in making this transition may offer them the training, tools, and networks they need to thrive in the competitive world of professional soccer. These initiatives have the potential to have a broader influence on the young players’ communities. Youth soccer programs may enhance local communities and provide upward social and economic mobility with programs available. Transitioning from childhood to professional soccer may have far-reaching consequences for both people and communities. Investing in programs that helps these young athletes develop is a form of community development as their personal achievements give room for community social and economic gains.
12:45-2 p.m.
Lunchtime Keynote
Theme: Impact of physical activity and sport on persons with disability: a focus on cerebral palsy
Introduction of keynote speaker:
Chris Modlesky, professor, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Frances Early College of Education
Keynote speaker:
Harshvardhan Singh, assistant professor, University of Alabama at Birmingham
Title: “Novel ways to enhance physical activity, sports participation, and decrease the risk for chronic diseases in individuals with cerebral palsy: Challenges and solutions”
Abstract:
Independent ambulation requires motor control and dynamic balance. We know that independent ambulatory children with cerebral palsy (CP) are at a significant risk to lose or shift to dependent ambulation while transitioning to adolescence. Notably, wheelchair assisted ambulation requires a high level of motor control and dynamic balance. The need for greater motor control and the dynamic balance becomes emphasized, specifically, in the users of manual wheelchairs. Deficits in dynamic balance and motor control are further compounded by underdevelopment of muscle strength and then marked loss of muscle strength as children with cerebral palsy transition to adulthood. All these deficits can enhance cognitive barriers to physical activity, such as fear-of-fall.
It is not surprising that these deficits are clinically seen as a lack of physical activity and sports participation in individuals with cerebral palsy. Reduced participation in physical activity and sports participation, in turn, can explain the earlier onset and greater risk of chronic diseases such as hypertension, stroke, diabetes, and low bone mass. Multiple studies examining various types of interventions have been done to improve physical activity and sports participation in individuals with cerebral palsy. Chiefly, most of these studies are concentrated on the children population. Interestingly, physical activity in individuals with CP continues to remain below the recommended level. Various facilitators have been identified that can promote physical activity, sustain independent mobility, and enhance sports participation in individuals with cerebral palsy. The time has come to strategically design novel interventions which can use evidence generated from previous studies and combine the facilitators for maximizing the outcome of physical activity and sports participation in individuals with cerebral palsy.
2:20-3:35 p.m.
Panel 3
Theme: Impact of professional sport on diverse communities and populations in local and global context
Introduction and moderator of speakers:
Huseyin Cevik, associate professor, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Eskisehir Technical University; visiting professor, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Frances Early College of Education
Speaker:
Abdulsamad Olajide Yusuf, doctoral student, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Frances Early College of Education
Title: Special Needs Spectators: A Case for Inclusion in Nigerian Soccer Stadiums
Abstract:
Persons with disabilities have always faced discrimination and marginalization— regardless of location or ethnicity, and in varying ways—to lessen difficulties or increase levels of acceptability to enable inclusive and rewarding life experiences in many aspects of society, including sport.
The purpose of this study was to examine accessibility measures made available to spectators with disability in Nigerian sport stadiums. Data collection methods involved use of an accessibility scale adapted from a FIFA safety and security recommendations tool. Stadia used in this study were selected randomly. In each selected stadium, the researcher used the adapted FIFA assessment and observation tool to record information on every pertinent aspect of the stadium, lasting about 45 minutes, at each of the 10 facilities. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics.
The findings of the study revealed that most Nigerian stadiums struggle to address accessibility concerns of wheelchair users, and, by extension, other aspects of disability such as sensory impaired and blind/deaf spectators. Implications from this study center on lack of inclusivity of disabled persons into their broader public needs as enshrined in the constitution.
Speaker:
Troy Zhao, doctoral student, Department of Kinesiology,
Mary Frances Early College of Education
Title: A New Sports & Entertainment Business Model
Abstract:
With the emergence of new media and other formats of trending communication, sports reality shows are gradually marching into the TV program market, changing the traditional landscape of the sports industry dominated by professional games and mega events. “Dunk of China” is a brand-new style of reality TV show which features the entertainment industry successfully integrated into the intense competitive professional sport of basketball.
The show brings considerable revenue as well as a broader fan base to the sports with the assistance of successful marketing and sponsorship strategies and celebrity power. This presentation examines this particular television program, which breaks through the limitations between traditional media development and sports events, analyzing the market-oriented sports reality show programs under the background of growing popularity of basketball in China.
Speaker:
Brett Anderson, doctoral student, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Frances Early College of Education
Title: Success, Barriers and Solutions to Participation and Globalization of Professional Ice-Hockey
Abstract:
The sport of ice hockey is played across the globe and is now one of the largest organized sports on the planet. Ice hockey has reached every corner of North America and seen its participation soar to every continent on earth, making the game that originated in Canada become a genuinely global sport. Globalization of the sport has some success, but expertise and facility availability hinders acceptance of the games. Then there are issues associated with participation of professional ice hockey, such as financial barriers and socio-cultural issues.
The purpose of this panel presentation is to discuss success, barriers, and solutions to participation and globalization of professional ice hockey. Ice hockey is the fastest game on earth! A sport enjoyed by young and old, it is the fourth most popular in North America, third in Europe, and one of the largest profit-generating games on the planet! It is the pinnacle event of the Winter Olympics, one of the fastest-growing sports for females in the world, and one of the greatest contributors to Title IX opportunities in the United States. While hockey is an incredible game and one that can be enjoyed by all, it does come with some barriers to participation.
3:55-5:20 p.m.
Afternoon Keynote
Theme: Sport and Indigenous Communities
Introduction of Keynote Speaker:
Steve Salaga, associate professor, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Frances Early College of Education
Speaker:
Natalie Michelle Welch, assistant professor, Seattle University
Title: Reclaiming Indigenous Sovereignty through Sport: Cherokee Women & Stickball
Abstract:
As sports has become modernized in the United States, equality for women in sports has faced an uphill battle against the intersection of patriarchy and capitalism. At the turn of the 21st century, Eastern Cherokee women decided to reclaim their right to play the traditional game of stickball. Many Indigenous cultures are traditionally matrilineal, and to many Cherokee people, women were the purveyors of the traditional game of stickball. Elders encouraged the younger women to bring back the game and they did so in the year 2000. These women were met with resistance and ridicule from those in and outside the community. Many believed the game was too rough or inappropriate for women, no matter what history may have said. An 18th-century emissary, Henry Timberlake, spoke of not being pleased by the Cherokee's "ballplays," especially when the women played.
In the new millennium, these women persisted for over five years. Many of them learned the game from their fathers and played alongside their sisters, mothers, and cousins. These women would go on to teach their children not only play, but the cultural significance of the game. As with many cyclical things in life, the game faded out again before the aughts, including among many of the men, only to see a recent resurgence in the past five years. The resurgence highlights the Cherokees' claims to their heritage, identity, and autonomy as sovereign people. For many Indigenous people, sport proves to be a powerful vehicle for greater cultural expression and understanding, and stickball exemplifies that among the Cherokee.
5:10-5:20 p.m.
Concluding remarks:
Rose Chepyator-Thomson, professor, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Frances Early College of Education
Program agenda
8-9:15 a.m.
Welcome and Introduction
Rose Chepyator-Thomson, professor, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Early Frances College of Education
Janet Buckworth, professor and department head, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Early Frances College of Education
Opening Remarks:
Denise Spangler, dean, Mary Frances Early College of Education
Ron Walcott, vice provost for graduate education and dean, Graduate School
Introduction of speaker and moderator:
Michael Schmidt, professor and graduate coordinator, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Early Frances College of Education
Keynote speaker:
Vincent O. Onywera, associate professor, Kenyatta University
Title: “The physical activity rainbow for health and sustainable development: What can Africa teach the world?”
Abstract:
Countries in Africa, like many low- and middle-income countries around the world, are going through a rapid physical activity transition. Changes in automobile transportation access, in-home electronic entertainment, and widespread availability of information technology—even in remote regions—is provoking behavior changes resulting in less physical activity and more sedentary behavior. This worrying public health trend is contributing to an increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity and ultimately an increase in modifiable lifestyle diseases and, hence, a threat to Africa's future and sporting excellence.
The objectives of this presentation will be to describe the emerging physical activity transition threat in Africa; highlight selected initiatives and activities as effective mechanisms for research, promotion and synthesis, capacity building, identification of research gaps, and advocacy for the promotion of physical activity for sustainable development in Africa; and to recommend possible ways of promoting health-enhancing physical activity in Africa for sustainable development.
9:35-10:50 a.m.
Panel 1
Theme: Impact of Sport and Physical Activity on Children and Youth, Young Adults, and the Elderly Population in Local and Global Contexts
Introduction of speakers and moderator: Bud Cooper, clinical professor and clinical education coordinator, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Frances Early College of Education
Speaker: Simin Rahman, doctoral student, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Frances Early College of Education
Title: Physical Activity: A masterstroke for stroke!
Abstract:
Stroke is the fourth leading cause of death in India, with stroke-related disabilities becoming more prevalent due to increasingly sedentary lifestyles. Physical activity (PA) is known to benefit health, performance, and overall well-being, with physical inactivity recognized as a leading modifiable risk factor for stroke. Evidence from developed nations suggests that participation in PA is heavily influenced by a complex interplay of individual, social, economic, environmental, and political factors. Understanding this interplay in the specific settings of developing countries is essential for creating and implementing comprehensive preventive strategies to mitigate stroke-related morbidity and mortality. A comprehensive literature search on physical inactivity and stroke in the Indian subcontinent was performed in several databases. Studies related to post-stroke recovery and physical inactivity were also included.
The review of literature revealed several findings. Most Indians did not meet the World Health Organization recommendations for PA. Average PA levels were low within both urban and rural settings. Gender differences in PA were noted, with women showing lower levels of measured PA than men. In contrast, most women considered their PA level to be adequate, with PA most associated with the performance of household chores. Post-stroke survivors showed a severe lack of adherence to prescribed exercise programs. Lack of support and supervision and proper guidance were one of the primary barriers to PA in post-stroke survivors. Several conclusions were drawn from this study. In resource-constrained settings of developing nations, prioritizing preventive measures to counter physical inactivity is recommended. Specifically, policies and programs to improve PA levels should take into account the prevalent socioeconomic, cultural, and familial norms specific to each intervention setting. Future interventions to promote PA in these settings must also prioritize self-efficacy, fitness awareness, individualized goal-setting and social support structures via inclusive community-focused activities.
Speaker: Abisola Rebecca Akinbobola (M.S. ’22) and Kevin McCully, professor, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Frances Early College of Education
Title: Examination of Muscle Fatigue in Young and Older Adults
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to measure instantaneous muscle fatigue (IMF) in young and older adults while comparing IMF to mitochondrial capacity, endurance index (EI), and rate of muscle reperfusion. The methods involved 20 subjects (11 young and nine older adults). IMF and EI were measured using data from twitch contractions collected from a tri-axial accelerometer. Reactive hyperemia test and muscle mitochondrial capacity were measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). IMF measurement was done on two days to test the method’s reproducibility; the fatigue exercise included two durations of calf raises.
The results of the study are as follows: IMF was not different in young and older adults on both days. Mitochondrial capacity was lower in older adults compared with young adults. There was no relationship between IMF and EI; and reactive hyperemia measures for both groups. In conclusion, this study demonstrated comparable fatigue in young and old adults following both fatigue protocols. There was a 20% deficit in mitochondrial capacity in older adults compared to young adults which is consistent with previous studies. This study provided evidence of fatigue in both young and older adults.
Speaker: Christina Noelle Lee (M.P.H. ’21), doctoral student, Department of Anthropology, Franklin College of Arts and Sciences
Title: Preliminary results on sport and physical activity culture among adolescents in rural Ecuador
Abstract:
Sport and physical activity are known to play a critical role in the growth and development of youth globally. However, individual experiences in sport and physical activity vary greatly depending on local culture, environment, and community expectations of youth and gender roles. In this study, we explore perspectives on adolescent sport participation and physical activity behaviors in rural highland Ecuador through the voices of community leaders and adolescents themselves in interviews and focus groups. As a preliminary analysis of the interview and focus group data, this presentation will report on the preliminary findings of a larger study on physical activity and health in adolescents living in rural highland Ecuador.
11:10 a.m.-12:25 p.m.
Panel 2
Theme: Impact of sport and physical activity on minoritized people in local and global context
Introduction of panelists and moderator:
Shannon Jolly (B.S.Ed. ’13, M.S. ’15), senior manager of diversity, equity, inclusion & belonging, USA Fencing; doctoral student, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Frances Early College of Education
Panelist: Christina M. Gipson, associate professor, Georgia Southern University
Title: Impact of physical activity/sport on diverse youth living in underserved/under-resourced communities: success and challenges
Abstract:
CrossFit is a functional fitness activity that incorporates weightlifting, gymnastics, and cardiovascular exercises. Researchers have shown that CrossFit offers numerous benefits such as providing a community, being empowering, and offering new forms of fitness. As this fitness activity has shown positive impacts, a program using CrossFit techniques was created specifically for at-risk youth in a rural community in Southeast Georgia.
Despite various transitions, the participants experienced numerous positive outcomes, such as learning about goal setting, positive self-talk, and leaning on their peers through the built community. In addition, a select group of participants shared learning to use their strengths within the CrossFit space to extend their experiences while participating in the program. As with any program, changes were made to address concerns and support growth. Although this program, in whatever form it was provided, was good for the participants, there were numerous challenges and even barriers that slowed the progress and growth. Through this presentation, we will discuss topics of participant outcomes and experiences parental support; funding, accessibility, and transportation; and general challenges for the participants.
Panelist: Demetrius W. Pearson, associate professor, Sport and Fitness Administration program, Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston
Title: U2 Rodeo and Community Engagement: More Than Sport and Entertainment
Abstract:
The objective of this presentation is to highlight the sociocultural significance and community engagement activities of U2 Rodeo and the Cowboys of Color Invitational Rodeo Series. Based in the Dallas–Fort Worth, Texas metroplex, U2 Rodeo Production Company is a family-owned minority enterprise that has carved out a niche in the sport of rodeo with a nontraditional business plan. Since its inception in the early 1970s, U2 Rodeo has been actively involved in community engagement activities while providing “wholesome” family entertainment through rodeo. Not only does U2 Rodeo pride itself on its entertainment value and high-quality rodeo productions, but it also serves as a major educational, historical, and socio-cultural purveyor of aspects germane to its minority devotees and those unfamiliar with their contributions to the American West.
Considered “the largest multicultural rodeo tour in the world” (“Cowboys of Color,” 2017, p. 7), the Cowboys of Color Invitational Rodeo Tour is considerably different than other rodeo competitions. It purports to address some of the perceived needs of ethnic minority rodeo cowboys/girls, and their devoted fan base. Through the Cowboys of Color Invitational Rodeo Tour, U2 Rodeo fulfills its three hallmark objectives: training, educating, and entertaining. Their rodeo promotional tag line is “Let us entertain you while we educate you.” This is accomplished through myriad activities both in and outside the rodeo arena. Additionally, U2 Rodeo has contributed significantly to its community through various structured social programs and coordinated youth engagement activities with educational, civic, and philanthropic organizations.
Panelist: Terry Babatunde Eguaoje, adjunct professor, Nova Southeastern University
Title: Youth Transition to Professional Soccer: Impacts of Programs on Community Development
Abstract:
The transition from grassroot to professional soccer is a critical moment for sportsmen and communities alike. While pursuing a career in soccer may lead to personal success and opportunity, it can also have a huge influence on local community development. This presentation examines the effects of programs that exist in Nigeria and, by extension, Africa, to assist young players in making the transition to professional soccer, as well as how these programs affect community development.
Programs that assist young players in making this transition may offer them the training, tools, and networks they need to thrive in the competitive world of professional soccer. These initiatives have the potential to have a broader influence on the young players’ communities. Youth soccer programs may enhance local communities and provide upward social and economic mobility with programs available. Transitioning from childhood to professional soccer may have far-reaching consequences for both people and communities. Investing in programs that helps these young athletes develop is a form of community development as their personal achievements give room for community social and economic gains.
12:45-2 p.m.
Lunchtime Keynote
Theme: Impact of physical activity and sport on persons with disability: a focus on cerebral palsy
Introduction of keynote speaker:
Chris Modlesky, professor, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Frances Early College of Education
Keynote speaker:
Harshvardhan Singh, assistant professor, University of Alabama at Birmingham
Title: “Novel ways to enhance physical activity, sports participation, and decrease the risk for chronic diseases in individuals with cerebral palsy: Challenges and solutions”
Abstract:
Independent ambulation requires motor control and dynamic balance. We know that independent ambulatory children with cerebral palsy (CP) are at a significant risk to lose or shift to dependent ambulation while transitioning to adolescence. Notably, wheelchair assisted ambulation requires a high level of motor control and dynamic balance. The need for greater motor control and the dynamic balance becomes emphasized, specifically, in the users of manual wheelchairs. Deficits in dynamic balance and motor control are further compounded by underdevelopment of muscle strength and then marked loss of muscle strength as children with cerebral palsy transition to adulthood. All these deficits can enhance cognitive barriers to physical activity, such as fear-of-fall.
It is not surprising that these deficits are clinically seen as a lack of physical activity and sports participation in individuals with cerebral palsy. Reduced participation in physical activity and sports participation, in turn, can explain the earlier onset and greater risk of chronic diseases such as hypertension, stroke, diabetes, and low bone mass. Multiple studies examining various types of interventions have been done to improve physical activity and sports participation in individuals with cerebral palsy. Chiefly, most of these studies are concentrated on the children population. Interestingly, physical activity in individuals with CP continues to remain below the recommended level. Various facilitators have been identified that can promote physical activity, sustain independent mobility, and enhance sports participation in individuals with cerebral palsy. The time has come to strategically design novel interventions which can use evidence generated from previous studies and combine the facilitators for maximizing the outcome of physical activity and sports participation in individuals with cerebral palsy.
2:20-3:35 p.m.
Panel 3
Theme: Impact of professional sport on diverse communities and populations in local and global context
Introduction and moderator of speakers:
Huseyin Cevik, associate professor, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Eskisehir Technical University; visiting professor, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Frances Early College of Education
Speaker:
Abdulsamad Olajide Yusuf, doctoral student, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Frances Early College of Education
Title: Special Needs Spectators: A Case for Inclusion in Nigerian Soccer Stadiums
Abstract:
Persons with disabilities have always faced discrimination and marginalization— regardless of location or ethnicity, and in varying ways—to lessen difficulties or increase levels of acceptability to enable inclusive and rewarding life experiences in many aspects of society, including sport.
The purpose of this study was to examine accessibility measures made available to spectators with disability in Nigerian sport stadiums. Data collection methods involved use of an accessibility scale adapted from a FIFA safety and security recommendations tool. Stadia used in this study were selected randomly. In each selected stadium, the researcher used the adapted FIFA assessment and observation tool to record information on every pertinent aspect of the stadium, lasting about 45 minutes, at each of the 10 facilities. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics.
The findings of the study revealed that most Nigerian stadiums struggle to address accessibility concerns of wheelchair users, and, by extension, other aspects of disability such as sensory impaired and blind/deaf spectators. Implications from this study center on lack of inclusivity of disabled persons into their broader public needs as enshrined in the constitution.
Speaker:
Troy Zhao, doctoral student, Department of Kinesiology,
Mary Frances Early College of Education
Title: A New Sports & Entertainment Business Model
Abstract:
With the emergence of new media and other formats of trending communication, sports reality shows are gradually marching into the TV program market, changing the traditional landscape of the sports industry dominated by professional games and mega events. “Dunk of China” is a brand-new style of reality TV show which features the entertainment industry successfully integrated into the intense competitive professional sport of basketball.
The show brings considerable revenue as well as a broader fan base to the sports with the assistance of successful marketing and sponsorship strategies and celebrity power. This presentation examines this particular television program, which breaks through the limitations between traditional media development and sports events, analyzing the market-oriented sports reality show programs under the background of growing popularity of basketball in China.
Speaker:
Brett Anderson, doctoral student, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Frances Early College of Education
Title: Success, Barriers and Solutions to Participation and Globalization of Professional Ice-Hockey
Abstract:
The sport of ice hockey is played across the globe and is now one of the largest organized sports on the planet. Ice hockey has reached every corner of North America and seen its participation soar to every continent on earth, making the game that originated in Canada become a genuinely global sport. Globalization of the sport has some success, but expertise and facility availability hinders acceptance of the games. Then there are issues associated with participation of professional ice hockey, such as financial barriers and socio-cultural issues.
The purpose of this panel presentation is to discuss success, barriers, and solutions to participation and globalization of professional ice hockey. Ice hockey is the fastest game on earth! A sport enjoyed by young and old, it is the fourth most popular in North America, third in Europe, and one of the largest profit-generating games on the planet! It is the pinnacle event of the Winter Olympics, one of the fastest-growing sports for females in the world, and one of the greatest contributors to Title IX opportunities in the United States. While hockey is an incredible game and one that can be enjoyed by all, it does come with some barriers to participation.
3:55-5:20 p.m.
Afternoon Keynote
Theme: Sport and Indigenous Communities
Introduction of Keynote Speaker:
Steve Salaga, associate professor, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Frances Early College of Education
Speaker:
Natalie Michelle Welch, assistant professor, Seattle University
Title: Reclaiming Indigenous Sovereignty through Sport: Cherokee Women & Stickball
Abstract:
As sports has become modernized in the United States, equality for women in sports has faced an uphill battle against the intersection of patriarchy and capitalism. At the turn of the 21st century, Eastern Cherokee women decided to reclaim their right to play the traditional game of stickball. Many Indigenous cultures are traditionally matrilineal, and to many Cherokee people, women were the purveyors of the traditional game of stickball. Elders encouraged the younger women to bring back the game and they did so in the year 2000. These women were met with resistance and ridicule from those in and outside the community. Many believed the game was too rough or inappropriate for women, no matter what history may have said. An 18th-century emissary, Henry Timberlake, spoke of not being pleased by the Cherokee's "ballplays," especially when the women played.
In the new millennium, these women persisted for over five years. Many of them learned the game from their fathers and played alongside their sisters, mothers, and cousins. These women would go on to teach their children not only play, but the cultural significance of the game. As with many cyclical things in life, the game faded out again before the aughts, including among many of the men, only to see a recent resurgence in the past five years. The resurgence highlights the Cherokees' claims to their heritage, identity, and autonomy as sovereign people. For many Indigenous people, sport proves to be a powerful vehicle for greater cultural expression and understanding, and stickball exemplifies that among the Cherokee.
5:10-5:20 p.m.
Concluding remarks:
Rose Chepyator-Thomson, professor, Department of Kinesiology, Mary Frances Early College of Education
Keynote speakers
Vincent O. Onywera
Vincent O. Onywera is deputy vice-chancellor of research, innovation and outreach at Kenya College of Accountancy University. His research focuses on physical activity and the role of genetics, nutrition, and sociocultural factors in sport performance. Onywera has published over 160 publications and secured over $150 million worth of research and development grants from various international funding agencies. He is involved in several national, regional, and international academic endeavors aimed at capacity building, surveillance, and research focusing on healthy active living in the greater Eastern Africa and Great Lakes Region and beyond. At Kenyatta University, he worked as the director of the Center for International Programmes and Collaboration, served as the inaugural registrar in charge of research, innovation and outreach for more than eight years, and was instrumental in the establishment of the International Association of Athletics Federations Academy.
Harshvardhan Singh
Harshvardhan Singh is an assistant professor in the department of pediatrics at Heersink School of Medicine and is affiliated with the Center for Engagement in Disability Health and Rehabilitation Sciences at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. His research has been published in various esteemed journals. Currently, he directs the Mechanics of Movement Laboratory, where he is involved in developing and implementing novel clinically feasible methods to address the problem of physical inactivity in populations across the human life spectrum: children and adolescents with cerebral palsy, and older adults with obesity and osteoporosis. Singh has mentored and continues to mentor students at the undergraduate, master's and doctoral levels. He loves working with students and sharing his laboratory philosophy of examining questions using a researcher's mind with a clinician's heart.
Natalie Michelle Welch
Natalie Michelle Welch, an assistant professor at Seattle University, teaches marketing and working in the MBA in Sport and Entertainment Management program. She is an alumnus of the University of Tennessee and the University of Central Florida's DeVos Sport Business Management program. Welch has over five years of professional experience working at Nike and Wieden+Kennedy, and most recently the Indigenous Athletics Advancement Council. She is an enrolled member of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians and grew up in Cherokee, North Carolina. She is passionate about advocating for Indigenous athletes and equity across all of sport.
Vincent O. Onywera, deputy vice-chancellor of research, innovation and outreach, Kenya College of Accountancy University
Vincent O. Onywera, deputy vice-chancellor of research, innovation and outreach, Kenya College of Accountancy University
Harshvardhan Singh, assistant professor in the department of pediatrics at Heersink School of Medicine
Harshvardhan Singh, assistant professor in the department of pediatrics at Heersink School of Medicine
Natalie Michelle Welch, assistant professor at Seattle University
Natalie Michelle Welch, assistant professor at Seattle University
Faculty Panelists
Terry Babatunde Eguaoje
Terry Babatunde Eguaoje is adjunct faculty at Nova Southeastern University, technical director of coaching education at Pennsylvania West Soccer Association, and coach educator in the United States Soccer Federation. His research and expertise centers on coach education and soccer coaching.
Christina Gipson
Christina Gipson is an associate professor at Georgia Southern University. Her research focuses on ways in which CrossFit impacts girls and women, targeting underserved youth in after-school programs and alternative schools.
Demetrius Pearson
Demetrius Pearson is an associate professor and former associate chair in the Department of Health and Human Performance at University of Houston. He conducts research on the socio-cultural and historical aspects of sport and expert on African American involvement in North American rodeo.
Thank you to our sponsors:
African Studies Institute
Mary Frances Early College of Education
Department of Kinesiology Graduate School
Office of Global Engagement
Office of Institutional Diversity
Institute for Women’s Studies
Institute of Native American Studies
University of Georgia Graduate School
Built with Shorthand